To Make America Great Again for All Americans

American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence every bit his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Corking Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Brand America Great Over again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Nib Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it once more in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'southward utilise of the phrase "probably the near resonant entrada slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in refuse.[ii] [three]

The slogan became a pop civilization miracle, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United States, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [vi] [7] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in almost media outlets, the Jussie Smollett set on hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [ix] [10] [eleven]

Utilize before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 U.s. presidential ballot: "What is the manner? Hither is America. At that place are 130,000,000 of united states of america. America needs a leader who tin coordinate labor, capital, and management; who tin give the human being of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertizing associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let'south make America groovy again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'southward 1980 presidential campaign. At the fourth dimension the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at dwelling house marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the state'south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amid the electorate.[fourteen] [15] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, peculiarly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abased hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America great once again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential entrada.[21] Clinton as well used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 balloter campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'south version, used every bit a entrada rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite you an economy you had 50 years ago, and... move yous back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Printing on Baronial sixteen, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let's Practice What It Takes to Make America Slap-up Once more.[24]

Utilise past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Once again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open considering, above all else, nosotros must brand America great again."[25] As well in Dec 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Over again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Bang-up Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Corking Again" past stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Land'due south office to create the "Brand America Great Again Party", which would take allowed Trump to exist that party's nominee if he had decided to go a third-political party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on Nov 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Manus Romney. By his own business relationship, Trump commencement considered "We Will Make America Keen", but did non experience similar information technology had the right "band" to it. "Brand America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. Afterward selecting "Brand America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register information technology. (Trump after said he was unaware of Reagan'southward use in 1980 until 2015, merely noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On Nov 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to employ the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July xiv, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public equally early equally August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Imprint displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California before long afterwards the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Cracking" lid in Dec 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular amid his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the entrada that at 1 point it spent more than on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or boob tube commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys ane, that'due south an advertising."[28]

Following Trump'southward election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Go along America Great" and he sought to trademark information technology.[28] [34] Withal, Trump'south 2020 campaign continued to use the "Brand America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "brand America great again, once again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In belatedly 2021, this phrase became the proper name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a calendar week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Brand America Cracking Again Party". In his starting time few days out of office, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the cosmos of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to foreclose Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump dedicated himself by tweeting "My apply of social media is not Presidential – it's Mod Mean solar day PRESIDENTIAL. Brand America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is of import given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter solitary include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and iii,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set his Twitter business relationship in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with especially notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalism of America journalist, among others,[5] [half dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't merely entreatment to people who hear information technology as racist coded language, only also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more empowered."[4] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America First did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[westward]earing a 'Make America Great Again' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Just if you wearable one, it'due south a pretty good indication that you lot share, adore or appreciate President Trump'south racist views nigh Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[vi] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are testify of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "It was vague plenty to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving enough of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going back to the days when they ran the globe."[49] Polling has shown that about x percent of black voters identified every bit Trump supporters,[50] [ not-primary source needed ] while about thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ meliorate source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should exist trivial doubt about U.s. President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'false news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Brand America Nifty Again; America Kickoff and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Once more."[52]

Use past others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Adept Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Brand America Nifty Once again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the State of war on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book almost her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special ballot titled Troublemaker: Let's Practice What It Takes To Make America Smashing Again.[54]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his ballot entrada and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Once again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz afterwards sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump'south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016, fence.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's clearing policies regarding the U.S.–United mexican states border.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Sometime Us Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, request: "Exactly when did you think America was keen?"[threescore] [61] During John McCain'due south memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made dandy once again considering America was always nifty."[62] Trump afterward tweeted "Brand AMERICA GREAT Once again!" later that day.[63]

Use by detest groups [edit]

A 2018 report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were ordinarily used past white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of French republic, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Understanding. The final sentence of the speech delivered by him was "brand our planet great over again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential ballot in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Once more".[67] [68]

Feb 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make World Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement take often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary picture named Brand the World Greta Once again.[lxx]

The Spanish far right party VOX used as slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Spain Slap-up Again".[71] [72]

In popular civilisation [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Dandy Once more" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Developed film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Once again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 entrada trail and office of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[73]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Douse Again".[74]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Again was a street fine art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[75] [76]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand up-up tour was titled "Making America Dandy Once more".[77]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, 2 Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Developed Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed as the World Trade Heart during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Not bad Once again" hats.[78] [79] [80]

Style [edit]

  • Manner Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Over again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to article of clothing on Blood-red Carpeting e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[81]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[82]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Bang-up Again" fez lid in one scene.[83]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado v: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[84]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Peachy" (a phrase Trump would afterward use as his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the TV spots for the movie featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does and so "to keep my country [America] great".[85] The adjacent film in the franchise, The Kickoff Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[86]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA chapeau throughout the film.[87]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin'southward Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombateleven newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Gratis Once more" in its marketing campaign.[88]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Swell Again" during his voice communication while battling Raiden.[89]
  • In Hitman two (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast under the slogan Haz que Colombia ocean grande otra vez .[90]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their anthology American Dazzler/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[91]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 chosen M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Once more.[92]
  • Make America Stone Again was a rock concert tour.[93]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Colina, chosen their 2017 nationwide bout the "Make America Rage Once again Bout", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • Britain musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Great Once more'[94]
  • Snoop Dogg released a vocal titled "Brand America Crip Again".[95]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal called "Brand America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a unmarried "Make America Great Once again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[96]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[97]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a vocal titled Make America Dandy Again.[98]
  • Metal band Thy Fine art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Detest Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They too sell a lid with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a lid saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Brand America Great Once again" every bit the presidential entrada slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[99] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[100]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[101] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his bear witness Final Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Over again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[102] [103] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 1000000 views.[103]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a entrada that is a parody of Trump'southward, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[104]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump past many reviewers.[105] [106] [107] [108]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[one]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

rowellwasmand.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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